Lutfisk
A traditional Swedish Christmas delicacy, Lutfisk is made from dried whitefish (stockfish) that has been treated with a lye solution. This process rehydrates and softens the fish, giving it a unique, gelatinous texture. It's a dish that evokes strong opinions – either loved or disliked.
🧂 Ingredients
- 1 kg Dried cod (stockfish)(Ensure it's high-quality stockfish suitable for lye treatment.)
- approx. 3-4 liters liters Lye solution(Food-grade lye (potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide). This is a critical and potentially hazardous ingredient. Follow safety instructions carefully. The amount needed will depend on the size of your container and the fish.)
- for soaking and rinsing liters Water(Plenty of fresh, cold water is needed.)
- to taste optional Salt(For seasoning the fish before cooking, if desired.)
- approx. 1 liter liters White sauce (Bechamel)(A classic accompaniment. Recipe follows or use your favorite.)
- 4-6 berries Allspice berries(For poaching, if poaching the fish.)
- for serving as needed Peas(Often served as a side dish.)
- for serving as needed Boiled potatoes(Another traditional accompaniment.)
- to taste to taste Optional seasonings for white sauce(Nutmeg, white pepper, salt.)
👨🍳 Instructions
- 1
Initial Soaking: Place the dried stockfish in a large, non-reactive container (like a plastic tub or food-grade bucket). Cover completely with cold water. Soak for 2 days, changing the water 2-3 times daily. The fish will begin to soften and rehydrate.
⏱️ 2 days - 2
Lye Treatment: Drain the fish. Prepare the lye solution by carefully dissolving food-grade lye in water according to the manufacturer's instructions. **Wear protective gloves and eyewear.** Slowly add the lye to water, never the other way around. Once dissolved and slightly cooled, pour the lye solution over the fish, ensuring it is completely submerged. Use a plate or weight to keep the fish down. Soak in a cool, well-ventilated area for 2 days. The fish will become very soft and gelatinous.
⏱️ 2 days - 3
Rinsing and Neutralizing: Drain the lye solution (dispose of it safely, following local regulations). Rinse the fish thoroughly under cold running water. Then, soak the fish in several changes of fresh cold water for at least 2 more days, changing the water 3-4 times daily. This step is crucial to rinse out the lye and neutralize the fish, making it safe to eat. The fish should feel firming up slightly.
⏱️ 2-3 days - 4
Prepare White Sauce: While the fish is rinsing, prepare your white sauce. Melt butter in a saucepan over medium heat. Whisk in flour to form a roux and cook for 1-2 minutes until lightly golden. Gradually whisk in milk until smooth. Bring to a simmer, stirring constantly, until thickened. Season with salt, white pepper, and a pinch of nutmeg. Keep warm.
⏱️ 15-20 minutes - 5
Cooking the Lutfisk: You have two main options: \n\n**Poaching:** Place the rinsed fish in a large pot. Cover with fresh cold water. Add the allspice berries. Bring to a gentle simmer over medium-low heat. Do NOT boil. Poach for 30-45 minutes, or until the fish flakes easily. The internal temperature should reach 63°C (145°F).\n\n**Baking:** Preheat your oven to 180°C (350°F). Place the rinsed fish in a baking dish. You can add a little water or milk to the dish. Cover tightly with foil. Bake for 30-45 minutes, or until the fish flakes easily. The internal temperature should reach 63°C (145°F).
⏱️ 30-45 minutes - 6
Serving: Carefully remove the cooked Lutfisk from the cooking liquid. Serve immediately, generously topped with warm white sauce. Accompany with boiled potatoes and a side of green peas. Season with salt if desired.
⏱️ 5 minutes
💡 Pro Tips
- ✓The characteristic strong smell is normal during the lye treatment and initial rinsing stages. Ensure good ventilation.
- ✓Lutfisk is a beloved (or sometimes reviled) Christmas tradition in Sweden, often enjoyed on Christmas Eve or Christmas Day.
- ✓The gelatinous texture is unique and part of its appeal. It's best served piping hot with plenty of rich white sauce to balance the fish.
- ✓Always use food-grade lye and follow safety precautions meticulously. If you are unsure, it is best to purchase pre-treated Lutfisk if available.
✨ Twist Ideas
Inspiration for your own version of this recipe
- Oven-baked Lutfisk
- Poached Lutfisk
- Serving with mustard sauce instead of white sauce (less traditional)