Ndole
Ndole is a rich and flavorful Cameroonian stew, often considered the national dish. It features bitter leaves (or spinach as a substitute) cooked with a creamy peanut paste, and is typically enhanced with ingredients like crayfish, onions, garlic, ginger, and a protein such as beef, fish, or shrimp. The dish is known for its unique balance of earthy bitterness from the leaves and the savory, nutty richness of the peanuts.
🧂 Ingredients
- 500 g Bitter leaves(fresh or dried, washed thoroughly to reduce bitterness. Spinach can be used as a substitute or in combination.)
- 2 cups Raw peanuts(blanched or roasted and ground into a smooth paste)
- 500 g Beef or fish(cut into bite-sized pieces. Can also use shrimp or a combination.)
- 2 large Onions(one chopped, one sliced)
- 4 cloves Garlic(minced)
- 1 tablespoon Ginger(minced or grated)
- 1 piece Scotch bonnet pepper(optional, adjust to taste for heat)
- 2 tablespoons Ground crayfish(optional, for authentic flavor)
- 1 cup Vegetable oil or palm oil(divided)
- 2 cubes Maggi cubes(or other bouillon cubes)
- Salt(to taste)
- Water(as needed)
👨🍳 Instructions
- 1
Prepare the bitter leaves: If using fresh bitter leaves, wash them thoroughly by rubbing them between your palms under running water until most of the bitterness is gone. If using dried leaves, soak them in warm water for about 30 minutes, then rinse and squeeze. If using spinach, wash and chop. Boiling the bitter leaves for 10-15 minutes can also help reduce bitterness. Set aside.
💡 Tip: Some recipes suggest adding a pinch of baking soda or lime stone when boiling bitter leaves to help soften them and reduce bitterness. - 2
Prepare the peanuts: Roast the raw peanuts in a dry pan until golden brown, then let them cool slightly. Grind the roasted peanuts into a smooth paste using a food processor or blender, adding a little water if necessary to achieve a creamy consistency. Alternatively, boil blanched peanuts until soft and then blend.
💡 Tip: Ensure the peanut paste is smooth but not watery. - 3
Cook the protein: In a pot, cook the beef or fish with some water, salt, and one Maggi cube until tender. If using shrimp, set aside for later. Reserve the cooking stock.
- 4
Make the flavor base: Heat about half of the oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add the chopped onion and sauté until translucent. Add minced garlic, ginger, and scotch bonnet pepper (if using), and cook for another minute until fragrant.
- 5
Combine and cook the sauce: Add the blended peanut paste to the pot with the sautéed aromatics. Stir well. Gradually add the reserved protein stock (or water) to create a thick, smooth sauce. Add the ground crayfish (if using) and the remaining Maggi cube. Stir and simmer for about 15 minutes, stirring regularly to prevent sticking.
- 6
Add the vegetables and protein: Stir in the prepared bitter leaves (and spinach, if using) and the cooked protein (beef or fish) into the peanut sauce. Mix thoroughly. If using shrimp, add them now.
💡 Tip: Ensure the bitter leaves are well coated with the sauce. - 7
Simmer and season: Let the Ndole simmer for another 15-20 minutes, allowing the flavors to meld. Season with salt to taste. Adjust the consistency by adding more water or stock if it becomes too thick.
- 8
Prepare the garnish (optional): In a separate skillet, heat the remaining oil. Add the sliced onion and sauté until lightly browned. If using shrimp, you can pan-fry them in this oil until pink.
- 9
Serve: Pour the sautéed onions and oil over the Ndole. Stir gently. Serve hot with boiled plantains, rice, fufu, or cassava.
💡 Tip: Some prefer to add the fried onions and oil just before serving for a fresh flavor.
💡 Pro Tips
- ✓Washing bitter leaves thoroughly is crucial to reduce their bitterness. Repeating the washing and squeezing process multiple times is recommended.
- ✓If bitter leaves are unavailable, spinach is a common and effective substitute, though it will result in a milder flavor.
- ✓The consistency of Ndole can be adjusted with water or stock. It should be a thick, rich stew.
- ✓Crayfish powder adds an authentic depth of flavor, but can be omitted if unavailable.
✨ Twist Ideas
Inspiration for your own version of this recipe
- Add smoked fish or chicken for a different protein profile.
- Incorporate other leafy greens like kale alongside spinach.
- For a vegetarian version, omit the meat and fish, and focus on the vegetables and peanut sauce.